Ethereum, the world’s second-largest blockchain network, is being used more than ever, with daily transactions at record highs and fees falling to their lowest levels in the past couple of years.

The changes come as the network shows signs of operational stability, even while co-founder Vitalik Buterin warns that keeping Ethereum understandable and simple will matter as much as scaling it further.

Data from blockchain trackers shows Ethereum’s daily transaction count has climbed past previous peaks set during the 2021 market cycle, while average transaction fees have dropped to a fraction of their historical average.

Compared with the two weeks prior, Ethereum’s average daily transactions rose by 14% over the past two weeks, from 1.8 million to 2.1 million, according to on-chain Ethereum data collected by open-source block explorer Blockscout.

This simultaneous rise in throughput and fall in cost “reflects the success of Ethereum’s modular scaling architecture, particularly EIP-4844 and its recent blob-capacity upgrade, which allows Layer 2s to post more data to mainnet at far lower cost,” Dosh, who leads business development and growth at Blockscout, told Decrypt, referring to key changes that have helped move bulk data off the main chain while keeping it verifiable.

Most of the usage comes from “stablecoin transfers and payments, led by Tether’s USDT at roughly twice the volume of Circle’s USDC,” Dosh explained.

“With gas prices remaining low, this activity appears highly durable, aligning with the broader trend of mainstream payment integrations expanding across Ethereum-based rails,” they said.

Changes and warnings

At the same time, the network’s validator exit queue has fallen to zero as roughly 30% of all Ethereum is now staked.

The validator exit queue tracks how many stakers are waiting to leave Ethereum’s proof-of-stake system and withdraw their funds.

When the queue is empty, it means no validators are lined up to exit at once, suggesting staking incentives are balanced and that there is no immediate pressure from participants rushing to leave the network.

Validator exits have fallen from a September 2025 peak of 2.67 million ETH to zero, while about 2.6 million ETH is now queued to enter staking, the highest level since July 2023, according to data from Ethereum Validator Queue, citing Beacon Chain.

On Ethereum, validators must signal an exit before withdrawing funds, and the process is deliberately delayed to protect network security. Changes in the exit queue are thus watched as a sign of validator confidence.

“Virtually no validator exits suggest a balance between operating costs and staking rewards, a sign of stability and confidence,” Dosh said. “It also implies that stakers are accumulating rather than exiting, keeping capital committed and liquid for future flexibility in higher-volatility environments.”

This comes as Ethereum co-founder Vitalik Buterin warned Sunday that the network’s long-term health depends on resisting protocol bloat.

“One of my fears with Ethereum protocol development is that we can be too eager to add new features to meet highly specific needs, even if those features bloat the protocol or add entire new types of interacting components or complicated cryptography as critical dependencies,” Buterin wrote.

Buterin’s warning could be read as a “governance concern,” Dosh said.

“Every mature software system accumulates some complexity,” and “Ethereum is no different,” they said. “While such ‘bloat’ doesn’t hinder current performance, it makes continued optimization essential.”

The data proves Ethereum can now “scale sustainably,” they said, adding that this means Ethereum “must also simplify sustainably to preserve long-term resilience and agility.”

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Author: Vince Dioquino